Merge branch 'dev' into vhs

Makefile

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ FZF != command -v sk || command -v fzy || command -v fzf || \
 
 spill_contents = sed -e '1,/---/d'
 
-help: .git/info/exclude ## Print the help message
+help: ## Print the help message
 	@awk 'BEGIN {FS = ":.*?## "} /^[0-9a-zA-Z._-]+:.*?## / {printf "\033[36m%s\033[0m : %s\n", $$1, $$2}' $(MAKEFILE_LIST) | \
 		sort | \
 		column -s ':' -t
@@ -19,8 +19,6 @@ categories = $(patsubst %/, %, $(dirs))
 databases = $(patsubst %, .dbs/%.rec, $(categories))
 
 default += $(databases)
-default += db.rec
-default += .dbs/map.fmt
 
 $(foreach dir, $(categories), \
 	$(eval .dbs/$(dir).rec: $(wildcard $(dir)/*)) \
@@ -28,7 +26,6 @@ $(foreach dir, $(categories), \
 
 .dbs/:
 	mkdir $@
-
 $(databases): .dbs/%.rec: %/ | .dbs/
 	$(info making $(@F))
 	for entry in $(shell find $< -type f -name "*.md") ; do \
@@ -41,7 +38,6 @@ $(databases): .dbs/%.rec: %/ | .dbs/
 
 # This two-variable read can only happen because of the quotes in the titles.
 db.rec: $(databases)
-	$(info rebuilding from $? )
 	printf '%s\n' '%rec: guide' > $@
 	printf '%s\n' '%key: title' >> $@
 	printf '%s\n' '%type: requires rec guide' >> $@
@@ -59,8 +55,10 @@ db.rec: $(databases)
 	recfix --sort $@
 	$(info Created main database: $@)
 
+default += db.rec
+
 .git/info/exclude: $(default)
-	@echo $^ | tr ' ' '\n' > $@
+	echo $^ | tr ' ' '\n' > $@
 
 default += .git/info/exclude
 
@@ -78,18 +76,6 @@ article: ## Write an article
 	printf '%s\n\n' '---' >> $$path/$$filename.md ;\
 	$(EDITOR) +5 "$$path/$$filename.md"
 
-.dbs/map.fmt:| .dbs/
-	printf '%s\n' '[ {{requires[0]}} ] --> [ {{title}} ] {border-style: dashed;}' > $@
-	printf '%s\n' '[ {{requires[1]}} ] --> [ {{title}} ] {border-style: dashed;}' >> $@
-	printf '%s\n' '[ {{requires[2]}} ] --> [ {{title}} ] {border-style: dashed;}' >> $@
-	printf '%s\n' '[ {{requires[3]}} ] --> [ {{title}} ] {border-style: dashed;}' >> $@
-	printf '%s\n' '[ {{requires[4]}} ] --> [ {{title}} ] {border-style: dashed;}' >> $@
-
-.PHONY: map
-map: db.rec .dbs/map.fmt ## Show knowledge dependency map
-	recsel -t guide $< -e 'requires != ""' -p title,requires | recfmt -f .dbs/map.fmt |\
-	grep -vF '[  ]' | graph-easy --boxart | $${PAGER}
-
 .PHONY: clean
 clean: ## Remove all generated files
 	$(RM) $(default)

basics/at.md

@@ -4,43 +4,43 @@ tags: [ "basics", "time" ]
 ---
 Install with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt install at
 ```
 
 Enable the daemon service with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl enable --now atd
 ```
 
 Then jobs can be specified with absolute time, such as:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 at 16:20
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 at noon
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 at midnight
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 at teatime
 ```
 
 Type in your command, e.g.:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 touch /tmp/$FILE.txt
 ```
 
 The jobs can also be specified relative to the current time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 at now +15 minutes
 ```
 
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ Finally, accept the jobs with ^D.
 
 Display a list of commands to run with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 atq
 ```
 
@@ -58,17 +58,19 @@ atq
 
 This will print all pending IDs.  Remove a job by the ID with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 atrm 2
 ```
 
 Check `/var/spool/atd/` to see the jobs.
 
+![At it again](/tapes/at.gif)
+
 ## Automation
 
 Automatically add a job for later, by setting the date, then using echo for the command.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 t="$(date -d "2 minutes" +%R)"
 echo "fortune > ~/$FILE" | at "$t"
 watch cat $FILE

basics/at.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+Require at
+Require atd
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "at teatime"
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type "./"
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "baskup.sh"
+Sleep 1.5s
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Ctrl+D
+Sleep 3.5s
+Type "atq"
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type "atq 1"
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "4"
+Enter
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "at"
+Sleep 1s
+Type " -c 15"
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type "at"
+Sleep 500ms
+Type " "
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "-"
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "c 15 | grep PWD"
+Enter
+Sleep 5.5s
+Type "atrm 15"
+Sleep 2s
+Enter
+Sleep 3s
+Ctrl+D
+

basics/basics.md

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Don't worry about understanding any of it, just type it in and the habit forms p
 
 You start in a dark room. You want to know where you are by **p**rinting out your **w**orking '**d**irectory' (i.e. 'location'):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pwd
 ```
 
 Have a look at what is here:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls
 ```
 
@@ -23,11 +23,11 @@ If you get no response, the list of items is "", meaning "nothing here".
 
 Have a look at **a**ll the files:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -a
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 . ..
 ```
 
@@ -35,38 +35,38 @@ So `.` means 'here' and `..` means 'you see stairs leading downwards' (e.g. 'the
 
 Change directory (`cd`) down one level:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd ..
 ```
 
 Look where you are again with `pwd`, then go back up.  Use `ls`, and if you see `bob`, then:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd bob
 ```
 
 Move around the directories.  The place at the bottom is the 'root', and is known as `/`.  Go to the root:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd /
 ```
 
 Do `ls` again and `cd` into `etc`.  Look at how much space those folders are taking up:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 du iptables
 ```
 That's the number of kilobytes the file is taking up.
 Do the same again, but in a human-readable format:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 du -h iptables
 ```
 
 The `du` program has `-h` for 'human', '-s' for 'short', and a bunch of other commands.
 Have a look at the manual and try another command:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 man du
 ```
 
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ Once you're done, press 'q' to quit the manual page and try the extra `du` flag
 
 Now you can try to gain super-powers and take over the system:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo -i
 ```
 
@@ -82,61 +82,61 @@ At this point, you are 'root'.
 All your commands will be executed, even if they're unsafe, or even if you ask to delete the entire machine.
 Best to exit out of the root account:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 exit
 ```
 
 Go find a file that isn't a directory.  You can tell which is which with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -l
 ```
 
 A directory starts with a 'd', like this:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 drwxr-xr-x 79 root root 4096 Jan  3 05:15 /etc/
 ```
 
 A standard file starts with '-', like this:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 `-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 11 17:26 hostname`
 ```
 
 Look inside the file /etc/hostname to find out your computer's name:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /etc/hostname
 ```
 
 Print out the words "hello world":
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo "hello world"
 ```
 
 Move back to your home directory:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd
 ```
 
 Take the words 'hello world', and put them in 'my_file':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'hello world' > my_file
 ```
 
 Measure the disk usage of that file, then put the results at the bottom of the file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 du $FILE >> $FILE
 ```
 
 And check the results:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat $FILE
 ```
 
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ Press tab after typing a few keys and bash will guess what you're trying to  typ
 
 Look at your file's owner:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -l $FILE
 ```
 
@@ -156,19 +156,19 @@ If it says `-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 8 Dec 11 17:26 hostname` then the file is own
 
 Take your file and change the owner to root:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo chown root $FILE
 ```
 
 Change the same file so it's owned by the group 'audio':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo chown :audio $FILE
 ```
 
 Check you did that correctly:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -l my_file
 ```
 
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ ls -l my_file
 
 Read the start of that line.  Root can 'read' and 'write' to or delete the file.  Try to remove (delete) it:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rm $FILE
 ```
 
@@ -184,32 +184,32 @@ You'll see you're not allowed, because you don't own it.
 
 Look at which groups you're in:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groups
 ```
 
 Change the file so that members of the audio group can write to the file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo chmod g+w $FILE
 ```
 
 Check you got it right with `ls -l`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 -rw-rw-r-- 1 root audio 0 Jan  3 19:20 my_file
 ```
 
 Try to delete the file again:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rm my_file
 ```
 
 If you can't, you're not in the audio group.  Add yourself.  You'll need to *modify* your *user account*, by **a**ppending 'audio' to your list of groups.
 Use `-a` to **a**ppend, and `-G`, to say you're modifying groups:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo usermod -a -G audio [ your username here ]
 ```
 
@@ -219,19 +219,19 @@ Now you should be able to remove (delete) the file.  Remember, that using 'rm fi
 
 Make a directory called 'new test':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir 'new test'
 ```
 
 Make two directories, called 'A', and 'Z':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir A Z
 ```
 
 Make a single directory called 'A Z'
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir 'A Z'
 ```
 
@@ -239,19 +239,19 @@ mkdir 'A Z'
 
 Measure the disk usage of everything ('\*' means 'everything'), and put it in a file called 'disk usage.txt':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 du -sch * > A/'disk usage'.txt
 ```
 
 Look at your file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat A/'disk usage.txt'
 ```
 
 If you think you have too much information, use `grep` to just get the one line of text you want:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 grep total A/disk\ usage.txt
 ```
 
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ The `grep` program also has a manual ('man page').  You should find out what tha
 
 Start the manual:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 man du
 ```
 
@@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ Then search for `-c` by pressing `/`.  Your final keys should be `man du`, then
 
 Find out if the `ls` program also has a 'human readable' format by using `grep` to search for the word 'human':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 man ls | grep human
 ```
 
@@ -275,25 +275,25 @@ Now use that flag that you've found in combinatin with the `-l` flag to look at
 
 Remove the directory 'Z':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rmdir Z
 ```
 
 Remove the directory 'Z':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rmdir Z
 ```
 
 And then remove all the rest:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rmdir *
 ```
 
 The 'A' directory will not budge because it's not empty.  Remove it recursively, so the computer will remove the things inside the directory as well as the directory itself:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rm -r A
 ```
 
@@ -303,11 +303,11 @@ You get a package manager which installs programs, fonts, et c.
 If you're on something like Debian, you'll have `apt`, or if you're on something like Red Hat, you'll have `yum`.
 If unsure, ask where a program is:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 whereis yum
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 whereis apt
 ```
 
@@ -315,14 +315,14 @@ If you get a hit, you can use whatever program that is to install things.
 
 Set a reminder of your package manager:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo my package manager is yum | lolcat
 ```
 
 If that failed it's because you don't have `lolcat` installed.
 Install lolcat:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt install lolcat
 ```
 
@@ -330,13 +330,13 @@ Try the same command again.
 
 Search for things you want, like `libreoffice`, or `gimp`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 apt search libreoffice
 ```
 
 ... then install one of them with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 apt install $PROGRAM
 ```
 

basics/clock.md

@@ -5,37 +5,37 @@ tags: [ "basics", "time" ]
 
 Show system time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 date
 ```
 
 Show hardware time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo hwclock -r
 ```
 
 Change system time to match hardware time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo hwclock --hctosys
 ```
 
 Change hardware time to match system time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo hwclock --systohc
 ```
 
 Manually set the hardware time to a specified date:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo hwclock --set --date="8/25/19 13:30:00"
 ```
 
 ## Normal Date
 
-```sh
+```bash
 date +%d/%m/%y
 ```
 
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Computers started counting time on January 1st, 1970, and added one second-per-s
 
 Track the time in Unix-time:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 date +%s
 ```
 
@@ -55,13 +55,13 @@ Servers which take their time from an observatory we call Stratum 1 servers.  Se
 
 Install ntp with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt-get install -y ntp
 ```
 
 The shell command for this is `ntpq`.  Monitor the service providers using:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ntpq -p
 ```
 

basics/column.md

@@ -5,32 +5,32 @@ tags: [ "basics", "format", "json" ]
 
 Put output into column.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 du -h /etc/* | column
 ```
 
 Reformat file with an explicit separator (`-s`):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 column -ts: /etc/passwd
 ```
 
 Give columns names (`-N`), so you can hide some (`-H`):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 column -ts: -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell -H PW,GID /etc/passwd
 ```
 
 Reorder with `-O` (unspecified items remain):
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 column -ts: -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell -H PW,GID -O User,Description,shell /etc/passwd 
 ```
 
 Output to json format with `-J`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 column -J -ts: -H PW,GID,shell -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell /etc/passwd
 ```
 

basics/conditionals.md

@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ esac
 # While and Until
 This prints from 1 until 9.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 COUNTER=1
 while [ $COUNTER -lt 2 ]; do
         > ((COUNTER++))
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ There's also 'until', which stops when something is true, rather than keeping go
 
 # For
 
-```sh
+```bash
 for i in $( ls ); do
 > 	du -sh $i
 > done
@@ -70,19 +70,19 @@ The sequences tool counts up from X in jumps of Y to number Z.
 
 Count from 1 to 10.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 seq 10
 ```
 
 Count from 4 to 11.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 seq 4 11
 ```
 
 Count from 1 to 100 in steps of 5.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 seq 1 5 100
 ```
 

basics/cron.md

@@ -0,0 +1,129 @@
+---
+title: "cron"
+tags: [ "basics", "time" ]
+---
+# Cronie
+
+The `cronie` program is also known as `crond`.
+
+## Install
+
+```bash
+sudo apt search -n ^cron
+```
+
+Once installed, search for the service name, and start it.
+
+```bash
+sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep cron
+sudo systemctl enable --now $NAME
+```
+
+## Usage
+
+Show your current crontab:
+
+```bash
+crontab -l
+```
+
+You can put this in a file and edit it:
+
+```bash
+crontab -l > $filename
+echo '39 3 */3 * * /bin/tar czf /tmp/etc_backup.tgz /etc/' >> $filename
+```
+
+Then apply that crontab:
+
+```bash
+crontab $filename
+rm $filename
+```
+
+The `cron` program will check your syntax before adding the tab.
+
+Your crontab file sits somewhere in `/var/spool/`.
+Probably in `/var/spool/cron`.
+
+## Syntax
+
+`* * * * *`
+
+These five points refer to:
+
+`minute hour day month weekday`
+
+So '3pm every Sunday' would be:
+
+`0 15 * * 7`
+
+Here 'Sunday' is indicated by "7", and '3pm' is 'the 15th hour'.
+The minute is '0' (i.e. '0 minutes past three pm').
+
+Doing the same thing, but only in February, would be:
+
+`0 15 * 2 7`
+
+### Variables
+
+`cronie` doesn't know where you live, so to put something in your `$HOME` directory, you have to tell it:
+
+
+```bash
+echo "HOME=$HOME" > $filename
+crontab -l >> $filename
+crontab $filename
+```
+
+`cronie` doesn't know where anything lives, including programs.
+You can give it your usual `$PATH` variable like this:
+
+
+```bash
+echo $PATH > $filename
+crontab -l >> $filename
+crontab $filename
+```
+
+Now instead of doing this
+
+`40 */3 * * * /usr/bin/du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
+
+You can simply do this: 
+
+`40 */3 * * * du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
+
+## Run as Root
+
+You can execute a script as root by putting it into a directory, instead of in the tab.
+Look at the available cron directories:
+
+```bash
+ls -d /etc/cron.*
+```
+
+Make a script which runs daily:
+
+```bash
+f=apt_update.sh
+echo '#!/bin/bash' > $f
+echo 'apt update --yes' >> $f
+chmod +x $f
+sudo mv $f /etc/cron.daily/
+```
+
+### Testing with runparts
+
+Run-parts runs all executable scripts in a directory.
+
+```bash
+run-parts /etc/cron.hourly
+```
+
+# Troubleshooting
+
+### `date` Commands
+
+Cron doesn't understand the `%` sign, so if you want to use `date +%R`, then it should be escaped with a backslash: `date +\%R`.
+

basics/eval.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "basics" ]
 
 Compose a statement for execution.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 x='echo $y'
 echo $x
 y=dragon
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ eval "$x"
 
 The results remain in the current shell, unlike sub-shells.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 b=basilisk
 sh -c 'echo $b'
 eval "g=goblin"

basics/hard_links.md

@@ -11,20 +11,20 @@ This ID is called the 'inode'.
 
 Create a file, and a hard link:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fortune > $file_1
 mkdir -p x/y/z/
 ln $file_1 x/y/z/$file_2
 ```
 Have a long look at the file with the `-l` flag, and check the inode with `-i`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -li $file_1 x/y/z/$file_2
 ```
 
 Since they are the same file, you can make a change to one, and it changes both:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fortune | tee x/y/z/$file_2
 cat $file_1
 cat x/y/z/$file_2

basics/kill.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ If you want to kill a program in a graphical environment, open a terminal and ty
 
 # Graphical Programs
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xkill
 ```
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Then click on the application which you want to kill.
 
 To kill a program, find it with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pgrep discord
 ```
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ This will give you the UUID, e.g. `19643`.
 
 Kill the program with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 kill 19643
 ```
 
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ kill 19643
 
 To see an ordered list of termination signals:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 kill -l
 ```
 
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ Higher numbers are roughly equivalent to insistence.
 
 For example:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 kill -1 3498
 ```
 
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ This roughly means 'maybe stop the program, if you can, maybe reload'.
 
 Or the famous:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 kill -9 3298
 ```
 

basics/locale.md

@@ -8,25 +8,25 @@ A list of supported locales is available at /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
 
 See a full list with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
 ```
 
 Take the first portion to generate full locale information for a region:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 locale-gen ru_RU.UTF-8
 ```
 
 Then use this for the current shell session with
 
-```sh
+```bash
 LANG=ru_RU.utf8
 ```
 
 Expand this to the entire system with: 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 export LANG=ru_RU.utf8
 ```
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ You can make this permanent for one user by adding this line to the ~/.profile o
 
 Make it permanent for the entire system by editing:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo vim /etc/defaults/locale
 ```
 

basics/locating.md

@@ -13,6 +13,8 @@ type -P ls
 type -a cat
 ```
 
+![where is cmus?](/tapes/which.gif)
+
 # Whereis the Program
 
 Where is `grep` and all its configuration files?

basics/ls.md

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ Firstly, your `ls` is probably aliased to something.
 Check it with:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 alias ls
 ```
 If the prompt shows some alias, then start by removing it:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 unalias ls
 ```
 
@@ -23,24 +23,24 @@ Now we can begin.
 Check the most recently modified file:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -t
 ```
 
 Reverse this with `tac` to see the file which has been unmodified the longest:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -t | tac
 ```
 Group files by extension:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -X
 ```
 Sort largest files first:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -X
 ```
 

basics/processes.md

@@ -6,31 +6,31 @@ tags: [ "basics" ]
 
 See running items in current terminal with 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ps
 ```
 
 or more with 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ps -a
 ```
 
 Or the entire system with
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ps -e
 ```
 
 Or the entire system with more information, BSD style, with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ps aux
 ```
 
 And then search for a particular program with 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ps aux | grep cmus
 ```
 
@@ -40,19 +40,19 @@ Pause a job with ^z.  Put it in the background with the '&' suffix.
 
 List jobs in the current shell with
 
-```sh
+```bash
 jobs
 ```
 
 And then you can pull number 1 up again with 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fg 1
 ```
 
 Or continue running a stopped job with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 bg 1
 ```
 
@@ -62,31 +62,31 @@ This changes how nice a program is, from -20 to 19.
 
 Install a program, but nicely, at nice value '10':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nice -10 sudo apt -y install libreoffice
 ```
 
 Aggressively use Steam, with a nice value of '-13'.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nice --13 steam&
 ```
 
 Find out that Steam's fucking everything up, so you change its nice value with 'renice':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 renice --5 -p 3781
 ```
 
 Nerf all of roach-1's processes:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 renice 10 -u roach-1
 ```
 
 ... or the entire group
 
-```sh
+```bash
 renice -14 -g hackers
 ```
 

basics/setup/Quality_of_Life.md

@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ This & That
 
 Refer to 'that last thing', and 'the first thing':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fortune -l > file1
 cat !$  | tr -d u
 diff !^ !$
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ diff !^ !$
 
 **NB:** this can go wrong:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -l file1 file2
 cat !^
 ```
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Input Run-Commands (`~/.inputrc`)
 Alias Expansion
 ---------------
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo '"\C- ": shell-expand-line' >> ~/.inputrc
 exec bash
 ```
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ Try just `ls`, then 'Control + Space'.
 Glob Expansion (`*`)
 --------------------
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo '"\C-x": glob-expand-word' >> ~/.inputrc
 exec bash
 ls *<C-x>
@@ -63,13 +63,13 @@ Arbitrary Commands
 
 Use `\n` as a 'newline' character to automatically press `<Return>`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'Control-y: "| lolcat\n"' >> ~/.inputrc
 exec bash
 ls<C-y>
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 Control-l: "\C-u clear -x && ls\n"
 exec bash
 cd /etc/<C-l>
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ cd /etc/<C-l>
 Readline as Vi
 --------------
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'set editing-mode vi' >> ~/.inputrc
 echo 'set keymap vi-insert' >> ~/.inputrc
 exec bash
@@ -100,13 +100,7 @@ Try:
 - `<Esc>kcw`
 - ls -a<Esc>xxxx
 
-Readline can work with python one you set `PYTHON_BASIC_REPL` to `true`.
-
-
-```sh
-echo 'export PYTHON_BASIC_REPL=true' >> ~/.bashrc
-exec bash
-```
+Works with `python` too:
 
 ```python
 im<C-n>os<Return>
@@ -121,7 +115,7 @@ Fix Globs!
 If you tried the previous commands then they will not work any more, because the `vi`-commands overwrite the other commands.
 Remove them.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sed '/ vi/d' ~/.inputrc
 sed -i '/ vi/d' ~/.inputrc
 
@@ -136,14 +130,14 @@ Vi-sibility
 The `readline` prompt becomes confusing if you don't remember if you're in insert or normal mode.
 But you can show the  current mode in the prompt:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'set show-mode-in-prompt on' >> ~/.inputrc
 exec bash
 ```
 
 Set new symbols for normal and insert mode:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'set vi-ins-mode-string "  "' >> ~/.inputrc
 echo 'set vi-cmd-mode-string " "' >> ~/.inputrc
 ```
@@ -154,33 +148,33 @@ Fuzzy Sort
 Check your repos for `sk-im`, and install.
 The program is called `sk`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 FUZZY=sk
 ```
 
 If you don't have it, `fzy` or `fzf` should work the same way.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 FUZZY=fzy
 ```
 
 Find some 'read-config' files to check out:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc"
 find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | $FUZZY
 ```
 
 And read some:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 PAGER='less -R'
 $PAGER "$(find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | $FUZZY)"
 ```
 
 Make the change long-term:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 alias rrc='$PAGER "$(find . -maxdepth 2 -name "*rc" | sk)"'
 alias | grep rrc= >> ~/.bash_aliases
 ```

basics/soft_links.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ When a program encounters a soft link, it will make a  guess at whether it shoul
 
 To make a soft link to a file in the current directory, linking is easy:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fortune > $file_1
 ln -s $file_1 $link_1
 ```
@@ -27,14 +27,14 @@ dir_0/
 
 Inside `dir_1`, making a soft link to `dir_0/file_1` would mean putting the directions to that file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd dir_1
 ln -s ../file_1 link_1
 ```
 
 The real content of the file is just '`../file_1`, so making it from another directory would mean writing exactly the same address to that file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ln -s ../file_1 dir_2/link_2
 ```
 
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ dir_0/
 
 Since it's just an address, you can delete the original file, then make another.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rm file_1
 ls -l dir_1/
 fortune > file_1
@@ -65,7 +65,7 @@ cat dir_1/link_1
 
 Last, let's make a link from `dir_2/link_2` to `dir_1/file_1` (this will delete the old link):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ln -s -f ../dir_1/file_1 dir_2/link_2
 cat dir_2/link_2
 ```

basics/time.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: [ "basics", "time" ]
 
 Set time to synchronize with an ntp server:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 timedatectl set-ntp true
 ```
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Local time is kept in /etc/localtime.
 
 According to Dave's LPIC guide, you can set the local time by making asymboling link from your timezone to /etc/localtime, as so:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Belgrade /etc/localtime
 ```
 
@@ -28,31 +28,31 @@ sudo ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Belgrade /etc/localtime
 
 See local time, language and character settings with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 locale
 ```
 
 List available locales with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 locale -a
 ```
 
 To see additional locales which are available (but not necessarily installed):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /usr/share/i18n/SUPPORTED
 ```
 
 Set a supported locale with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 locale-gen pl_PL.UTF-8
 ```
 
 Then set that language, with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 LANG=pl_PL.UTF-8
 ```
 
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ LANG=pl_PL.UTF-8
 
 Glimpse an overview with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ntpq -p
 ```
 
@@ -73,6 +73,6 @@ Usually this is run as a service, so just start that service.
 If your clock drifts too far from the right time, it will not reset happily.
 For it to reset like this:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo ntpd -q -g -x -n
 ```

basics/tree.md

@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Each description-line starts with a tab.
 
 To represent a file structure as a nested series of markdown lists, you can try this horrifying `sed` one-liner:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 tree -tf --dirsfirst --gitignore --noreport --charset ascii  | \
     sed -e 's/| \+/  /g' \
     -e 's/[|`]-\+/ */g' \

basics/users.md

@@ -6,23 +6,23 @@ tags: [ "basics" ]
 
 Let's get some entries with 'getent', e.g. passwd or group.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 getent passwd
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 getent group
 ```
 
 Obviously:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 getent shadow
 ```
 
 ## Examples
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo adduser maestro 
 ```
 
@@ -30,71 +30,71 @@ add user 'maestro'
 
 This depends upon the settings in the /etc/default/useradd file and /etc/login.defs
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo useradd -m pinkie 
 ```
 
 add user 'pinkie' with a home directory
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo adduser -m -e 2017-04-25 temp 
 ```
 
 add expiry date to user
 
-```sh
+```bash
 userdel maestro 
 ```
 
 delete maestro
 
-```sh
+```bash
 userdel -r maestro 
 ```
 
 delete maestro and hir homefolder
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groups 
 ```
 
 find which group you are in
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 id 
 ```
 
 same
 
-```sh
+```bash
 id -Gn maestro 
 ```
 
 Find which groups maestro is in
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 deluser --remove-home maestro 
 ```
 
 delete user maestro
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 usermod -aG sudo maestro 
 ```
 
 Add user maestro to group sudo:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /etc/passwd 
 ```
 
 list users' passwords (and therefore users)
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groupadd awesome 
 ```
 
@@ -104,33 +104,33 @@ Passwords are stored in /etc/shadow.
 
 There are user accounts for processes such as 'bin' and 'nobody' which are locked, so they're unusable.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 passwd -l bin 
 ```
 
 Lock the user 'bin'.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 more /etc/passwd | grep games 
 ```
 
 we find the name, password and user id of the user 'games'. I.e. the password is 'x', and the user id is '5'.  The password is an impossible hash, so no input password could match.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groupdel learners | delete the group 'learners'
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpasswd -d pi games | remove user 'pi' from the group 'games'
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 id games 
 ```
 
 find the id number of group 'games' (60)
 
-```sh
+```bash
 usermod -aG sudo maestro 
 ```
 
@@ -156,7 +156,7 @@ Alternatively, change the shell in /etc/passwd.
 
 Usermod also lets you change a user's username:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 usermod -l henry mark
 ```
 
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ usermod -L henry
 
 -G or -groups adds the user to other groups:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 usermod -G sudo henry
 ```
 
@@ -186,13 +186,13 @@ In /etc/group, a group file may look like this:
 
 We can use groupmod, like like usermod, e.g. to change a name:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groupmod -n frontoffice backoffice
 ```
 
 Delte a group:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 groupdel frontoffice
 ```
 
@@ -200,37 +200,37 @@ groupdel frontoffice
 
 See list of logged on users.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 w
 ```
 
 See last logons:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 last
 ```
 
 or all logon attempts, including bad attempts:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 lastb
 ```
 
 List recently accessed files:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 last -d
 ```
 
 See files opened by steve
 
-```sh
+```bash
 lsof -t -u steve
 ```
 
 See files opened by anyone but steve
 
-```sh
+```bash
 lsof -u ^steve
 ```
 
@@ -240,19 +240,19 @@ Some files can be executed by people as if they had super user permissions, and
 
 Let's start with files executable by user:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo find / -type f -perm -g=s -ls
 ```
 
 And then those executable by the group:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 find / -type f -perm -g=s -ls
 ```
 
 And finally, worrying files, executable by anyone as if sie were the owner:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 find / -xdev \( -o -nogroup \) -print
 ```
 
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ Then have a look at resource usage per user.
 
 # SGID
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo chmod u+s process.sh
 ```
 

basics/which.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+Require cmus
+
+Type "whereis cmus"
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+Type "which cmus"
+Enter
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "type /bin/cmus"
+Enter
+Sleep 5s
+Type "man cmus"
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+Type " "
+Sleep 1s
+Type " "
+Sleep 1s
+Type " "
+Sleep 500ms
+Type " "
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type " "
+Sleep 500ms
+Type " "
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type " "
+Sleep 500ms
+Type " q"
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "cmus"
+Sleep 3s
+Ctrl+D

basics/yes.md

@@ -11,14 +11,14 @@ This is extremely powerful.
 
 If you ever want to automatically install something which persistently nags you with `do you want to do the thing? [y/N]?`, then you can just pipe `yes` into that program, and it will answer 'yes' to all questions.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yes | $INSTALL_SCRIPT_FILE.sh
 ```
 
 This works best for disposable systems, like VMs or containers.
 Try this on a live system, and you might find out that you should have read that message fully.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yes | yay
 ```
 

data/git/git-lfs.md

@@ -1,7 +1,6 @@
 ---
 title: "git-lfs"
 tags: [ "data", "git" ]
-requires: [ "git" ]
 ---
 
 Git Large File Storage ('LFS') needs to change your `~/.gitconfig` to check out those binary files:

data/git/git_stash.md

@@ -1,69 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "git stash"
-tags: [ "data", "git" ]
-requires: [ "git" ]
----
-
-Save file-changes without committing anything.
-
-Change a file:
-
-```sh
-file=README.md
-fortune >> ${file}
-git diff
-git stash save
-```
-
-List which stashes you have:
-
-
-```sh
-git stash list
-
-    stash@{1}: WIP on master: c21f102 init git
-```
-
-Make a new file, then stash it:
-
-
-```sh
-otherfile=file.log
-fortune > ${otherfile}
-git add ${otherfile}
-stashname=logfile
-git stash save ${stashname}
-```
-
-Now you can see two stashed changes, and the most recent has a name:
-
-```sh
-git stash list
-
-    stash@{0}: On master: logfile
-    stash@{1}: WIP on master: c21f102 init git
-```
-
-You can delete a stash by referring to its index number, or name (if it has one).
-
-```sh
-choice=1
-git stash drop ${choice}
-
-choice=${stashname}
-git stash drop ${choice}
-```
-
-Or just run `git stash drop` to remove the most recent (labelled `{0}`).
-
-Return stashed changes with an index number (or the most recent).
-
-```sh
-git stash pop ${choice}
-```
-
-Delete all stashes:
-
-```sh
-git stash clear
-```

data/git/hooks.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "data", "git" ]
 
 Check out the sample hooks:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd $GIT_REPO
 ls .git/hooks
 head .git/hooks/pre-commit.sample
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ head .git/hooks/pre-commit.sample
 
 Add a hook to check the shell scripts in `$GIT_REPO` before making a commit:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo '#!/bin/sh
 shellcheck *.sh' > .git/hooks/commit-msg
 chmod u+x .git/hooks/commit-msg

data/git/subtree.md

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ The first should be its own repository, but should also retain its own history.
 
 First, we extract its history as an independent item, and make that into a seprate branch.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 git subtree split --prefix=sub-1 -b sub
 ```
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ If you want something a few directories deep, you can use `--prefix=sub-1/dir-2/
 
 Then go and create a new git somewhere else:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd ..;mkdir sub-1;cd sub-1;git init --bare
 ```
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ git push ../subtest sub:master
 
 Finally, you can clone this repo from your original.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 git clone ../subtest
 ```
 

data/gpg/basics.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: [ "data", "GPG" ]
 
 Generate keys:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --full-generate-key
 ```
 
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ Follow the guide.
 
 # Encrypting a file
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg -r malinfreeborn@posteo.net -e file
 ```
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ Check you have an encrypted version of your file.
 # Changing Expiration Dates
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --list-keys
 # or...
 gpg -k
@@ -37,13 +37,13 @@ gpg -k
 
 Make a password with a password (cypher encryption).
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg -c --output passwords.txt
 ```
 
 or 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg -c > passwords.txt
 ```
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ Write message then stop with Ctrl+d.
 
 Get the message back out the file with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg -d passwords.txt
 ```
 
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ gpg -d passwords.txt
 
 Search for a key at any key store:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --search-keys nestorv
 ```
 
 Once you've made a decision about someone:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --list-keys
 ```
 
@@ -86,13 +86,13 @@ This is a fingerprint.
 
 You can now decide the trust level (this stays on your computer).
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --edit-key CD30421FD825696BD95F1FF644C62C57B790D3CF
 ```
 
 Once you're in the interface, type `trust`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --sign-key alice@posteo.net
 ```
 
@@ -104,7 +104,7 @@ This system relies on a ring of people swapping key information.
 
 Send those trusted keys up to a server, so people can see you have verified them:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --send-keys 024C6B1C84449BD1CB4DF7A152295D2377F4D70F
 ```
 
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ keyserver hkps://keys.mailvelope.com
 
 Refreshing keys will tell you if some key you have contains a signature from someone you already trust, or if someone has published a revocation certificate (meaning their key should not be trusted any more).
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --refresh-keys
 ```
 
@@ -135,12 +135,12 @@ You can use the [crontab](../../basics/cron.md) to refresh keys, but this will m
 
 Your public key:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --output me.gpg --armor --export
 ```
 Alternatively:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gpg --export -a person@email.tld > my_key.pub
 ```
 

data/json.md

@@ -1,13 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "ijq"
-tags: [ "data", "json", "TUI" ]
----
-
-Analyse `json` easier with `ijq`.
-
-```sh
-column -J -ts: -H PW,GID,shell -N User,PW,UID,GID,Description,Home,shell /etc/passwd > host.json
-ijq !$
-```
-
-If you get stuck, try adding `.[]`.

data/newsboat.md

@@ -4,11 +4,11 @@ tags: [ "RSS" ]
 ---
 Create the configuration directory before you start, and add at least 1 URL.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir ~/.config/newsboat
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'https://voidlinux.org/atom.xml foss tech' >> ~/.config/newsboat/urls
 ```
 
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ You can input a Youtube channel by adding this, with the channel's ID at the end
 
 To get the channel ID without hunting:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 curl *'https://www.youtube.com/@1minfilms'* | grep -oE 'browseId":"U\w+"' | tail | cut -d'"' -f3 
 ```
 

data/pdf-to-txt.md

@@ -13,11 +13,11 @@ Arch: tesseract-data-eng and poppler-utils
 
 ## Script
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pdftoppm -png *file*.pdf test
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 for x in *png; do
     tesseract -l eng  "$x" - >> out.txt
 done

data/pdf_erasure.md

@@ -23,6 +23,6 @@ Make a text file called 'pdfmark.txt'.
 
 Then run:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 gs -o output.pdf -sDEVICE=pdfwrite "$FILE".pdf pdfmark.txt
 ```

data/radicale.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ The standard `radicale` package should come with a nice `systemd` service file.
 
 If the service comes already-started, stop it immediately:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl stop radicale
 ```
 
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ You might get it in the `apache` package or similar.
 
 `htpasswd` allows you to generate passwords for users, and place them in `/etc/radicale/users`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 PASS="$(xkcdpass)"
 htpasswd -nb $USER "$PASS" | sudo tee -a /etc/radicale/users
 echo "Your username is $USER"
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ sudo ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale /etc/nginx/sites-enables/
 
 Finally, replace the example `DOMAIN` with your actual domain name.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 DOMAIN=whatever.com
 sudo sed -i "s/DOMAIN/$DOMAIN/g" /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale 
 ```
@@ -102,18 +102,18 @@ sudo sed -i "s/DOMAIN/$DOMAIN/g" /etc/nginx/sites-available/radicale
 
 Check nginx is happy:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo nginx -t
 ```
 You will almost certainly need a new SSL certificate for the site:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo certbod -d cal.$DOMAIN
 ```
 
 Start or restart both services:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl start radicale
 sudo systemctl restart nginx
 ```

data/recfiles.md

@@ -52,3 +52,5 @@ recset -f "$new_field" --delete $database
 
 - [Recfiles for gemini capsules](gemini://tilde.town/~dozens/gemlog/21.gmi)
 
+
+![Recfiles](/tapes/recfiles.gif)

data/recfiles/extended.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: [ "data", "database", "recfiles" ]
 
 Make a database for your boardgames, specifying only one field and value:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 database=games.rec
 n=Name
 g=Vojvodina
@@ -18,21 +18,21 @@ recsel $database
 
 Insert a few more, with the estimated playtime:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recins -f Name -v Saboter -f Playtime -v 30 $database
 recins -f Name -v Chess -f Playtime -v 30 $database
 ```
 
 View all games, or select one by number:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recsel $database
 recsel -n 0 $database
 ```
 
 Each game should note whether or not you have played it yet, so you can add that field and set the default to `yes`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 f=played
 v=yes
 recset -f $f -a $v $database
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ recset -f $f -a $v $database
 
 ...but the field is wrong, it should have a capital letter:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 new_field=Played
 recset -f $f --rename $new_field
 ```
@@ -49,19 +49,19 @@ recset -f $f --rename $new_field
 
 Check how many records the database has:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recinf $database
 ```
 
 Look at just the games you've never played:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recsel --expression="Played = 'no'" $database
 ```
 
 Print how many, then just print the names:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recsel -e "Played = 'no'" --count $database
 recsel -e "Played = 'no'" --print=Name $database
 ```
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ recsel -e "Played = 'no'" --print=Name $database
 
 To change a game's `Played` field from `no` to `yes`, use `recset` to specify the number, and change that field.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 num=0
 f=Played
 value=yes
@@ -80,14 +80,14 @@ recset --number=$num -f $f --set=$value $database
 
 Find all games with a playtime of `30`, and set the field `Max_Players` to `4`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recset -e "Playtime = 40" -f Max_Players --set 50 games.rec
 ```
 
 This doesn't work, because that field does not exist.
 You can `--set-add` the field, to add it wherever it does not exist.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 recset -e "Playtime = 40" -f Max_Players --set-add 50 games.rec
 ```
 
@@ -95,14 +95,14 @@ recset -e "Playtime = 40" -f Max_Players --set-add 50 games.rec
 
 Remove `Played` record from first game:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 num=0
 recset --number=$num -f Played --delete $database
 ```
 
 You can comment the line instead of deleting it:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 num=1
 recset --number=$num -f Played --delete $database
 recsel $database
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ cat $database
 
 Delete an entire record:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 num=2
 recdel --number=$num $database
 ```

data/recfiles/recfiles.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+Require recins
+
+Set Shell "bash"
+Set TypingSpeed 0.1
+Set FontSize 25
+Set Width 900
+Set Height 700
+
+Enter
+Type "touch games.rec"
+Enter
+
+Sleep 2s
+Type 'recins --record "Name: Vojvodina" games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Type 'recsel games.rec'
+Enter
+
+Sleep 2s
+
+Type 'for g in Saboter Carcassonne Chess; do recins -r "Name: $g" games.rec; done'
+Enter
+Type 'recsel games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Type 'cat games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+
+Type 'recsel --quick=Carc games.rec'
+Enter
+Type 'recsel -q Carc games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+
+Type 'recsel -q "sabot" --print=Name games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+Type 'recsel --case-insensitive -q "sabot" --print=Name games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+
+Type 'recsel -i -q "chess" -p Name games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+
+Type 'recset -f "Played" --set-add="no" games.rec'
+Enter
+Type 'recsel games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+
+Type 'recset -iq chess -f "Played" --set=yes games.rec'
+Enter
+Type 'recsel games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+
+Type 'recset -f "Played" --delete games.rec'
+Enter
+Type 'recsel games.rec'
+Enter
+
+Hide
+Type 'rm games.rec'
+Enter
+Sleep 3s

data/sc-im.md

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ Change this with `:set autowrap`.
 
 Make `sc-im` always autowrap:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir .config/sc-im/bash
 echo 'set autowrap' >> .config/sc-im/scimrc
 ```
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ echo 'set autowrap' >> .config/sc-im/scimrc
 |:----------------------|:---:|
 | text (left align)     | <   |
 | text (right align)    | >   |
+| text (right align)    | `|` |
 | Edit existing  text   | E   |
 
 ### Meta Actions
@@ -62,6 +63,26 @@ echo 'set autowrap' >> .config/sc-im/scimrc
 |  paste with format    | Pc  |
 |  delete a cell        | x   |
 
+# Movement
+
+| Action                          | Key |
+|:-------------------------------:|:---:|
+| highest part                    | H   |
+| lowest part                     | L   |
+| top                             | gg  |
+| move right                      | g$  |
+| move left                       |  g0 |
+| insert middle                   | \   |
+| insert left                     | \>  |
+| insert right                    | <   |
+| to to cell b4                   | b4  |
+| see all text in cells           | aa  |
+| format cells so you can see it. | f   |
+| format wider right              | fl  |
+| format smaller left             | fh  |
+| format wider down               | fj  |
+| format smaller down             | fk  |
+
 
 ### Functions
 

data/search_system.md

@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ By default, the `/mnt` directory is 'pruned' from the database.
 So if you want to search `/mnt` for videos, remove the word `/mnt` from the configuration file.
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 su root
 cat /etc/updatedb.conf
 sed -i 's#/mnt/##' /etc/updatedb.conf

data/sharing_secrets.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ You can share parts of a secret with multiple people, so only some of them need
 
 Install `ssss`, then decide on the total number of secrets (`N`), and the threshold of people who must share their shard of the secret in order to reveal the secret.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 N=5
 T=3
 FILE=secret.txt
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ Each shard is a line inside secret.txt.
 
 Check it's working:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 head -n $T $FILE | ssss-combine -t $T
 tail -n $T $FILE | ssss-combine -t $T
 ```

data/soft-serve/soft_https.md

@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ http:
 
 Restart the `soft-serve` service, then check it's working by cloning from localhost:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 git clone http://localhost:23232/${some_repo}.git
 ```
 

data/sqlite.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "data" ]
 
 Work with a database:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sqlite3 "$FILE".sqlite3
 ```
 Compress the database:

data/task/task.md

@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ All listed providers run proprietary software and actively support genocide.
 
 To ignore the synchronization, tell the configuration file to use a local synchronization file.
 
-```sh
+```
 task config sync.local.server_dir
 task config data.location ~/.local/state/
 ```

data/w3m.md

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ tags: [ "browsers" ]
 ---
 Open a search tab:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 w3m ddg.gg
 ```
 
@@ -19,3 +19,4 @@ w3m ddg.gg
 | T        | new tab              |
 | { / }    | switch tabs          |
 
+![w3m browser](/tapes/w3m.gif)

data/w3m.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+Require w3m
+
+Sleep 1s
+Type "w3m ddg.gg"
+Sleep 500ms
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Tab
+Enter
+Type "cats"
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Tab
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Type "jjjjjjjjjjjj"
+Tab
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Type "U"
+Sleep 500ms
+Ctrl+U
+Sleep 500ms
+Type "dmz.rs"
+Sleep 500ms
+Enter
+Sleep 4.5s
+Type "jjjjjjjj"
+Tab
+Type "j"
+Sleep 500ms
+Enter
+Sleep 1s
+Type " "
+Sleep 2s
+Backspace
+Sleep 500ms
+Type " "
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type " "
+Sleep 2s
+Type "qy"
+Sleep 500ms

distros/arch/Maintenance.md

@@ -7,14 +7,14 @@ tags: [ "arch" ]
 
 Clean the cache of old packages in `/var/cachepacman/pkg/`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
 sudo pacman -Sc
 ls /var/cache/pacman/pkg/ | wc -l
 ```
 And the same for `yay` (with `-Yc` to remove old dependencies):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls ~/.cache/yay/ | wc -l
 yay -Sc
 yay -Yc
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ If you chance a configuration file, such as `/etc/environment`, and `pacman` wan
 
 Check the new files, then look at the difference between the `pacman` version, and your version.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo find /etc/ /var/ /usr/ -name "*.pacnew" 
 diff /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist*
 ```
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ Either,
 
 - Update the files manually,
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo -e /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
 sudo rm /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist.pacnew
 ```
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ Or,
 - use a tool like `pacdiff` to view the changes next to each other, and select them with `vim`.
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S pacman-contrib
 sudo pacdiff
 ```

distros/arch/autologin.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: [ "distros", "arch" ]
 
 Edit `/etc/systemd/system/getty@tty1.service.d/override.conf` by typing:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl edit getty@tty1
 ```
 

distros/arch/basic-install.md

@@ -5,17 +5,17 @@ requires: [ "partitions", "time" ]
 ---
 Keyboard layout changed.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls /usr/share/kbd/keymaps/**/*.map.gz
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 loadkeys uk.map.gz
 ```
 
 Check if boot mode is UEFI
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls /sys/firmware/efi/efivars
 ```
 
@@ -23,115 +23,115 @@ Without efivars, the system must boot with BIOS.
 
 # Check network's up
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ping archlinux.org
 ```
 
 Set system clock properly
 
-```sh
+```bash
 timedatectl set-ntp true
 ```
 
 Check disks
 
-```sh
+```bash
 lsblk
 ```
 
 Make partition
 
-```sh
+```bash
 parted -s /dev/sda mklabel gpt
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 parted -s /dev/sda mklabel msdos
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 parted  -s /dev/sda mkpart primary ext4 512 100%
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 parted -s /dev/sda set 1 boot on
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda1
 ```
 
 Use pacstrap to get the base install.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mount /dev/sda1 /mnt/
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pacstrap /mnt base base-devel vim linux linux-firmware
 ```
 
 Make fstab notes for new system.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 genfstab -U /mnt >> /mnt/etc/fstab
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 arch-chroot /mnt
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo 'en_GB.UTF-8' > /etc/default/locale
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pacman -Sy networkmanager grub
 ```
 
 For legacy:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 grub-install --target=i386-pc /dev/sda
 ```
 
 For EFI:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S efibootmgr
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir /boot/efi
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 grub-install --target=x86_64-efi --efi-directory=/boot/efi --bootloader-id=GRUB --remmovable
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 grub-mkconfig -o /boot/grub/grub.cfg
 ```
 
 set local time
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ln -sf /usr/share/zoneinfo/Europe/Belgrade /etc/localtime
 ```
 
 Find the desired locale's and uncomment them.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vi /etc/locale.gen
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 locale-gen
 ```
 
 Make your keyboard changes permenent with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vi /etc/vconsole.conf
 ```
 
@@ -140,13 +140,13 @@ unsure about this bit - is this name just for the loadkeys function?
 
 Make a hostname
 
-```sh
+```bash
 echo pc > /etc/hostname
 ```
 
 Set hostnames for network, or at least your own.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vi /etc/hosts
 ```
 
@@ -160,27 +160,27 @@ If the system has a permanent IP address, it should be used instead of localhost
 
 Ping some sites to make sure the network's working
 
-```sh
+```bash
 passwd
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 exit
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 umount -R /mnt
 ```
 
 Remove that awful beep sound:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rmmod pcspkr
 ```
 
 ...and make the change permanent:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo echo "blacklist pcspkr" >> /etc/modprobe.d/nobeep.conf
 ```
 

distros/arch/gpu.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ Include = /etc/pacman.d/mirrorlist
 
 And update:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -Syu
 ```
 
@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ sudo pacman -Syu
 
 Check your graphics card type:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 lspci  | grep VGA
 ```
 
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ lspci  | grep VGA
 
 If you see `Nvidia`, then install the intel drivers:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S --needed lib32-mesa vulkan-intel lib32-vulkan-intel vulkan-icd-loader lib32-vulkan-icd-loader
 ```
 
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ sudo pacman -S --needed lib32-mesa vulkan-intel lib32-vulkan-intel vulkan-icd-lo
 
 If you see `Intel`, then install the intel drivers:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S --needed lib32-mesa vulkan-intel lib32-vulkan-intel vulkan-icd-loader lib32-vulkan-icd-loader xf86-video-intel
 ```
 
@@ -47,16 +47,16 @@ sudo pacman -S --needed lib32-mesa vulkan-intel lib32-vulkan-intel vulkan-icd-lo
 
 If you see `AMD`, then check your card support `vulkan`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yay -S gpu-viewer
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vulkaninfo | grep 'VkPhysicalDeviceVulkanMemoryModelFeatures' -A 3
 ```
 
 You should see 'true' here.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S --needed lib32-mesa vulkan-radeon lib32-vulkan-radeon vulkan-icd-loader lib32-vulkan-icd-loader xf86-video-amdgpu
 ```

distros/arch/pacman.md

@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ Packages are kept in /var/cache/pacman/pkg.
 
 Delete unused old packages with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -Sc
 ```
 
 Signatures are handled by the pacman-key, initially set up with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman-key --populate archlinux
 ```
 
@@ -23,31 +23,31 @@ sudo pacman-key --refresh-keys
 
 If you have usigned keys, you can refresh with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -Sc
 ```
 
 or 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -Scc
 ```
 
 Reset all keys with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo rm -r /etc/pacmand.d/gnupg/ && sudo pacman-key --init
 ```
 
 If you're constantly getting 'everything corrupted, nothing upgraded', try running:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -S archlinux-keyring
 ```
 
 List all orphaned packages:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo pacman -Qtdq
 ```
 

distros/void/Brand_Name_Wallpaper.md

@@ -7,24 +7,24 @@ To automatically stick the logo onto your background, do these commands in the d
 
 Get the void linux logo from wikipedia
 
-```sh
+```bash
 wget https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Void_Linux_logo.svg/256px-Void_Linux_logo.svg.png?20170131170632
 ```
 
 Rename it, and resize it (the standard size is too small for most wallpapers)
 
-```sh
+```bash
 convert -resize 200% '256px-Void_Linux_logo.svg.png?20170131170632' void-logo.png
 ```
 Download a pretty wallpaper
 
-```sh
+```bash
 wget http://wallpapercave.com/wp/Wlm9Gv0.jpg
 ```
 
 Put the void logo on all *jpg and *png images
 
-```sh
+```bash
 for x in *.jpg
 	do
 	composite -compose multiply -gravity Center void-logo.png "$x" "$x"

distros/void/autologin.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "void" ]
 
 Make the autologin service:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cp -R /etc/sv/agetty-tty1 /etc/sv/agetty-autologin-tty1
 ```
 

distros/void/sv.md

@@ -6,13 +6,13 @@ tags: [ "void" ]
 
 All possible services are in:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls /etc/sv
 ```
 
 The computer only uses those in /var/service, so symbolic links are made to start and stop services.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls /var/service
 ```
 
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ ls /var/service
 
 Enable the sshd service, so that ssh will work every time you boot up:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo ln -s /etc/sv/sshd /var/service
 ```
 
 Then start the service:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo sv start sshd
 ```
 
@@ -34,19 +34,19 @@ sudo sv start sshd
 
 Stop `mpd` with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo sv stop mpd
 ```
 
 And stop it automatically loading at startup with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo rm /var/service/mpd
 ```
 
 You can also just make a file called 'down':
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo touch /var/service/mpd/down
 ```
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ If unsure, use `#!/bin/bash` as the first line.  When Void Linux says `sh`, it m
 
 Confirm the shell you'll use:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -l $(which sh)
 ```
 

distros/void/void_basics.md

@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ tags: [ "void" ]
 
 Update all packages with
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo xbps-install -Su
 ```
 
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ See [xbps](xbps.md) for more.
 Void keeps *every* version of everything you install, so you can roll back to them.
 Remove old packages with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo xbps-remove -O
 ```
 
@@ -25,19 +25,19 @@ sudo xbps-remove -O
 
 Old Void kernels are left on the boot partition.  List them with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vkpurge list
 ```
 
 Remove one with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vkpurge 2.8.2_4
 ```
 
 Remove all but the latest with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vkpurge rm all
 ```
 
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ You can change this number to change the screen brightness.
 
 For an easy utility, install `brightnessctl`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 brightnessctl s 10%-
 brightnessctl s 10%+
 ```

distros/void/xbps-install.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Require xbps-query
+Require xbps-install
+
+Set Shell "bash"
+Set FontSize 20
+Set Width 1400
+Set Height 900
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install --sync" Enter Sleep 700ms  Enter
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install --update --yes" Sleep 700ms
+
+Backspace 33
+
+Type "echo same but faster!" Sleep 200ms  Enter
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install -uy" Enter Sleep 700ms
+
+Type "echo now we just download" Sleep 2s  Enter
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install -SD --yes" Sleep 700ms Enter 
+
+Type "echo and install from the downloaded updates..." Sleep 2s  Enter
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install -Du" Sleep 700ms Enter 
+
+Sleep 4s
+

distros/void/xbps-query.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+Require xbps-query
+Require xbps-install
+
+Set Shell "bash"
+#Set FontSize 20
+#Set Width 1400
+#Set Height 900
+
+#Hide 
+#
+#Type "sudo xbps-remove -y cowsay xcowsay aerc"
+
+Show
+
+Type "xbps-query cows" Enter Sleep 1s
+
+Type "nothing..."
+
+Backspace 11
+
+Type "xbps-query --search cows" Sleep 500ms  Enter
+
+Type "xbps-query --repository --search cows" Sleep 500ms  Enter
+
+Type "echo same but faster!" Sleep 200ms  Enter
+
+Type "xbps-query -Rs cows" Sleep 500ms  Enter
+
+Sleep 3s
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install -y xcowsay" Enter Sleep 700ms  Enter
+
+Sleep 5
+
+Type "xbps-query --repository --search 'email'" Sleep 300ms Enter
+
+Type "too much...." Sleep 1s
+
+Backspace 13
+
+Sleep 1s
+
+Type "xbps-query -R --search '^email'" Sleep 300ms Enter
+
+Sleep 2s
+
+Type "xbps-query -Rs --regex '^email terminal'" Sleep 300ms Enter
+
+Type "???" Sleep 2s
+
+Backspace 3
+
+Sleep 3s
+
+Type "regex first!" Sleep 2s
+
+Backspace 12
+
+Type "xbps-query --regex -Rs '^email.*terminal'" Sleep 300ms Enter Sleep 900ms
+
+Type "xbps-query --regex -Rs '^terminal.*email'" Sleep 300ms Enter Sleep 900ms
+
+Type "sudo xbps-install aerc" Enter Sleep 300ms Enter Sleep 2s
+

distros/void/xbps-remove.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+Require xbps-query
+Require xbps-install
+
+Set Shell "bash"
+#Set FontSize 20
+#Set Width 1400
+#Set Height 900
+
+Type "sudo xbps-remove --yes thunderbird" Enter Sleep 2s
+
+Type "time to kill orphans" Sleep 600ms
+
+Backspace 21
+
+Enter
+
+Type "xbps-remove --remove-orphans --dry-run" Sleep 700ms 
+
+Backspace 38
+
+Enter
+
+Type "xbps-remove -on | cowsay" Sleep 300ms Enter Sleep 1.5s
+
+Type "sudo xbps-remove --yes -o" Sleep 700ms Enter
+
+Sleep 2s
+

distros/void/xbps.md

@@ -6,50 +6,52 @@ tags: [ "void" ]
 
 Look for cowsay in the repository:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query --repository --search cowsay
 ```
 
 Short version:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -Rs cowsay
 ```
 
 Search with regex:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query --regex -Rs 'cow(s)?\w'
 ```
 
+![xbps searches](/tapes/xbps-query.gif)
+
 List what's required for cowsay
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -x cowsay
 ```
 
 What packages are orphaned (i.e. installed as a dependency for another package, which has since been removed)?
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -O
 ```
 
 Show cowsay's dependencies.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -x cowsay
 ```
 
 This shows `perl`.
 To see what else depends on perl:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -X perl
 ```
 
 List all manually installed software.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-query -m
 ```
 
@@ -57,56 +59,60 @@ xbps-query -m
 
 Install cowsay
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-install cowsay
 ```
 
 Upgrade current packages.
 `-R` looks at repositories, `-s` makes a sloppy search (for rough matches).
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-install -Suv
 ```
 
+![xbps searches](/tapes/xbps-install.gif)
+
 ## Remove/ Uninstall
 
 Remove cowsay
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-remove cowsay
 ```
 
 ...and all dependencies
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-remove -R cowsay
 ```
 
 Remove all orphaned dependencies.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-remove -o
 ```
 
 Show information about cowsay
 
+![xbps searches](/tapes/xbps-remove.gif)
+
 ## Fixes
 
 Reinstall cowsay
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xbps-install -f cowsay
 ```
 
 Look for broken packages.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo xbps-pkgdb -a
 ```
 
 And if you've found any, you might reconfigure all packages forcefully:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo xbps-reconfigure -af
 ```
 

networking/fail2ban.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ requires: [ "ssh" ]
 ---
 # SSH Daemon Jail
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo cp /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf /etc/fail2ban/jail.d/ssh.local
 ```
 
@@ -17,15 +17,15 @@ ignoreip = 127.0.0.1/8 ::1,192.168.0.0/16 ::1
 
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl restart fail2ban
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo fail2ban-client status
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo fail2ban-client status sshd
 ```
 

networking/graph-easy.md

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ Set up a file like this, called `troubleshooting.txt`.
 
 Then translate it with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 graph-easy troubleshooting.txt --as boxart
 ```
 

networking/iptables.md

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ This is a basic Linux firewall program.
 
 Look at your firewalls:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -L
 ```
 
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ We see the output of input, output and forwarding rules.
 
 I don't need any forwarding, so I'm going to drop all forwarding:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -P FORWARD DROP
 ```
 
@@ -26,17 +26,17 @@ iptables -P FORWARD DROP
 
 Let's 'A'dd, or 'A'ppend a rule with -A.  Let's drop all input from a nearby IP 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.23 -j DROP
 ```
 
 Or we can block all input from a particular port on the full Network.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -A INPUT -s 192.168.0.0/24 -p tcp --destination-port 25 -j DROP
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -A INPUT --dport 80 -j ACCEPT
 ```
 
@@ -47,13 +47,13 @@ However, rules are accepted in order - so a packet cannot be rejected and then a
 
 To delete rule 2 from the INPUT chain:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -D INPUT 3
 ```
 
 Alternatively, you can 'I'nsert a rule at the start, rather than 'A'ppending it.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -I INPUT -s 192.168.0.13 DROP
 ```
 
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ The -j flag accepts ACCEPT/REJECT/DROP.  The last two are identical except that
 
 Flush all existing rules with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iptables -F
 ```
 

networking/nmap.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "networking" ]
 
 Example:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmap 192.168.1.1/24
 ```
 
@@ -17,6 +17,6 @@ Flags:
 
 Look for a web server, which has ports 80 and 443 open:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmap 192.168.1.1/24 -p 80,443 --open
 ```

networking/pi-hole-server.md

@@ -6,19 +6,19 @@ tags: [ "distros" ]
 
 ## Arch
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yay -S pi-hole-server
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl enable --now pihole-FTL
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl disable --now systemd-resolved
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo rm -f /dev/shm/FTL-\*
 ```
 
@@ -26,32 +26,32 @@ sudo rm -f /dev/shm/FTL-\*
 
 Debian has a long, boring setup.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt-get install wget curl net-tools gamin lighttpd lighttpd-mod-deflate
 curl -sSL https://install.pi-hole.net | PIHOLE_SKIP_OS_CHECK=true sudo -E bash
 ```
 
 # Setup
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo usermod -aG pihole $USER
 ```
 
 Remove that google dns server.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pihole -a setdns 9.9.9.9 1.0.0.1
 ```
 
 Disable pihole password by setting a blank password.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pihole -a -p
 ```
 
 Get a new list of blocked domains, then reload:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pihole -g -r
 ```
 
@@ -61,13 +61,13 @@ Every so often, run `pihole -g` again (perhaps put it in crontab).
 
 Observe the pihole's output while you ask it a question:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pihole -t
 ```
 
 Then ask the question from another computer:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 dig @[ pihole ip ] archlinux.org
 ```
 

networking/rclone.md

@@ -9,71 +9,71 @@ We'll assume a folder in Google Drive called 'test', and local folder called 'fo
 
 Generate a config file with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone config
 ```
 
 Look at the contents of Google Drive:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone ls gd:/
 ```
 
 If rclone loses authorization:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone authorization
 ```
 
 List only directories:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone lsf -dirs-only google:/
 ```
 
 Mount the remote location on /tmp/google with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone mount google /tmp/google
 ```
 
 Copy the contents of 'foo' to 'test'.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone copy foo/ google:test
 ```
 
 Sync contents of foo and test with a progress bar (will delete Google items):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone sync foo google:test -P
 ```
 
 Remove all duplicates
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone dedupe google:test
 ```
 
 Delete contets of a remote file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone delete n:test
 ```
 
 Or delete the folder and contents as well:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone purge n:test
 ```
 
 Copy to and from with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone copyto google:test foo
 ```
 
 or
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rclone copyto foo google:test

networking/scraping/Copy_Website.md

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ title: "Download Website"
 tags: [ "networking", "scraping" ]
 ---
 
-```sh
+```bash
 domain=splint.rs
 mkdir $domain
 cd $domain

networking/scraping/youtube-dl.md

@@ -4,25 +4,25 @@ tags: [ "scraping" ]
 ---
 Install `yt-dlp`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yt-dlp --write-auto-sub *<URL>*
 ```
 
 It will default to English, but you can specify another language with the flag --sub-lang:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 youtube-dl --sub-lang sv --write-auto-sub *<URL>*
 ```
 
 You can list all available subtitles with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yt-dlp --list-subs *<URL>*
 ```
 
 It's also possible to skip the video and only download the subtitle if you add the flag --skip-download:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yt-dlp --sub-lang sv --write-auto-sub --skip-download *<URL>*
 ```
 

networking/servers/dns.md

@@ -15,12 +15,12 @@ tags: [ "networking", "host" ]
 
 Query a host with the `host` command.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 host $domain.$tld
 ```
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 host $domain.$tld 9.9.9.9
 ```
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ You can also add a specific nameserver:
 
 Request a specific record type (`CNAME`, `TXT`, et c.):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 torsocks host -T -t $RECORD_TYPE $domain
 ```
 

networking/ssh/sshfs.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ requires: [ "ssh" ]
 ---
 # Mount 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sshfs $USER@$IP_ADDRESS:$DIR
 ```
 
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ Various flags:
 
 # Unmount
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fusermount3 -u $DIR
 ```
 

networking/ssh/tricks.md

@@ -6,25 +6,25 @@ requires: [ "ssh" ]
 
 Mount a remote filesystem locally with fuse-sshfs:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sshfs *user*@192.168.0.10:/home/*user* /tmp/mnt
 ```
 
 Unmount with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fusermount -u /tmp/mnt
 ```
 
 Set it up on /etc/fstab with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sshfs#bkp@bkp.a-server.ninja:/media/store1/bkp /backup fuse defaults,allow_other,reconnect,delay_connect 0 0
 ```
 
 Make image backup of sda1 and sda2 from one machine and pass it through ssh to another.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 for i in {1,2};do sudo dd if=/dev/sda$i | ssh -C *user*@192.168.0.10 "dd of=/mnt/Backup/winback-oct-\"$i\".img" status=progress; done
 ```
 

networking/tor.md

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ tags: [ "networking" ]
 
 # Get a Hostname
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo vim /etc/tor/torrc
 ```
 

networking/transmission.md

@@ -22,29 +22,29 @@ Install it then start the service.
 
 Arch Linux:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl start transmission
 ```
 
 Debian:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo systemctl start transmission-daemon
 ```
 
 Add a torrent by the .torrent file, or a magnet link, like this:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -a 'magnet:?xt=urn:btih:05547db7c0c5fbbe50f00212ee43e9cec5b006fa&dn=Sita+Sings+the+Blues+%281080P+official+release%29&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Ftracker.leechers-paradise.org%3A6969&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Ftracker.openbittorrent.com%3A80&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Fopen.demonii.com%3A1337&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Ftracker.coppersurfer.tk%3A6969&tr=udp%3A%2F%2Fexodus.desync.com%3A6969'
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -a sita.torrent
 ```
 
 Now let's check that the torrent's been added successfully.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -l
 ```
 
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ To see the torrents, go to /var/lib/transmission/Downloads
 If you don't have permission, either add the directory to the group made for your username, or add yourself to the `:transmission` group, or otherwise make sure that you can read that directory, and the user `transmission` can read, write and execute.
 E.g.:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo usermod -aG transmission $USER
 ```
 
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ Log in again for the changes to take effect (or open a new TTY with `Ctrl+Alt+F2
 
 If you don't want to have a file active as a torrent, get it's number with `transmission-remote -l`, then, if it were number '4', do:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -t 4 -r
 ```
 
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ You can now move the file, and the torrent will not be confused.
 
 To both **r**emove **a**nd **d**elete a file, use `-rad`:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -t 4 -rad
 ```
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ If the file is in your home - `~` - but `transmission` is not allowed in your ho
 
 Next, find the torrent's number.  You can use multiple numbers, separated with a comma:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -t 3,5,8 --move $HOME/music
 ```
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ transmission-remote -t 3,5,8 --move $HOME/music
 
 The `transmission` user has a home configuration file, like any other user, with all the transmission settings.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cd /var/lib/transmission/.config/transmission-daemon/
 
 $EDITOR settings.json
@@ -105,14 +105,14 @@ When it doubt, just place the files in `transmission`'s home directory.
 
 Create a torrent of file or directory `Memes` with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo chown -R :transmission Memes
 transmission-create $(pwd)/Memes
 ```
 
 Add a tracker to the torrent, to make sure others can find you easily:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-create --comment 'My Memes collection' -t 'udp://tracker.publicbt.com:80' -t 'udp://tracker.openbittorrent.com:80' --anonymize Memes
 ```
 
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ Without the `--anonymize` flag, the torrent file output will have a 'created by'
 
 Add your torrent and notes its number:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -a "$file".torrent
 transmission-remote -l
 transmission-remote -t "$number" -i
@@ -149,19 +149,19 @@ transmission-remote -t "$number" -i
 
 The information in the last command shows that it's not verified, so you can verify with `-v`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -t "$number" -v
 ```
 
 If transmission cannot find it, then tell it where to find the torrent:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 transmission-remote -t "$number" --find "$(pwd)"
 ```
 ...and of course, make sure the permissions allow transmission to see the target.
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ls -ld "$file"
 ```
 

networking/troubleshooting.md

@@ -7,19 +7,19 @@ tags: [ "networking" ]
 
 If not, try checking out what your local networking interfaces are, then check if they have been picked up:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 dmesg | grep eth0
 ```
 
 # Display Active Ports
 
-```sh
+```bash
 netstat -l
 ```
 
 ...or maybe narrow it down to http:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 netstat -l | grep http
 ```
 

networking/website/nginx.md

@@ -4,35 +4,35 @@ tags: [ "networking", "web" ]
 ---
 Install nginx:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt-get install nginx
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo apt-get enable --now nginx
 ```
 
 Put a website somewhere:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir /var/www/html/mysite/
 ```
 
 Put an index file there:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vim /var/www/html/mysite/index.html
 ```
 
 Make the owner `www-data`
 
-```sh
+```bash
 chown -R www-data:www-data /var/www/html/mysite/
 ```
 
 Make a configuration file for nginx:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite.conf
 ```
 
@@ -54,13 +54,13 @@ server {
 
 Make the site available:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ln -s /etc/nginx/sites-available/mysite.conf /etc/nginx/sites-enabled/
 ```
 
 Test it's working:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nginx -t
 ```
 
@@ -82,17 +82,17 @@ Buy some DNS online, then check it's working.
 
 *Once it's working*, use certbot:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 apt install certbot
 ```
 
 You may need to install an nginx python module:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 apt install python3-certbot-nginx
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 domain=example.com
 my_email=me@posteo.uk
 certbot --nginx -d "$domain" --non-interactive --agree-tos -m "$my_email"

networking/wifi.md

@@ -7,27 +7,27 @@ tags: [ "networking" ]
 
 Stats on local net usage within domain.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 iftop -p -n
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 whois domain.com
 ```
 
 Info on domain, whether it's taken, et c.:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 dig domain.com
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 ifconfig
 ```
 
 Versatile wifi tool:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli
 ```
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ nmcli
 
 You want to connect to the internet.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo iwconfig
 ```
 
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ Get knowledge of wireless state.  The output might be:
 
 This tells you that your ESSID is 'Gandalf WajFaj', and the access point name is 10:05:......
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli radio
 ```
 
@@ -69,23 +69,23 @@ You get an overview of your radio devices.
 You're told that eth0 deals with your ethernet and `wlan0` deals with wifi.
 `wlan0` is a file which represents your wifi device.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli wlan0 wifi rescan
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli device wifi list
 ```
 
 Now to connect.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli device wifi connect [SSID] [your password] [wifi password]
 ```
 
 Alternatively, you can use
 
-```sh
+```bash
 nmcli -ask device wifi connect [SSID]
 ```
 

sound/basics.md

@@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Check with `which pulseaudio`. No output means you need to use alsa (below).
 
 # Volume Control
 
-```sh
+```bash
 pactl set sink @DEFAULT_SINK@ +5%
 ```
 
 Find working outputs:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 aplay -l
 ```
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ amixer scontrols
 
 # Change a Sound setting
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer set Master 5%-
 ```
 
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ pulseaudio -k && sudo alsa force-reload
 
 Toggle, mute, increase or decrase audio:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer sset Master toggle
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer sset Master mute
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer sset Master 5%+
 ```
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer sset Master 5%-
 ```
 
@@ -62,14 +62,14 @@ amixer sset Master 5%-
 
 Start with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 alsamixer
 ```
 
 Then press `F6` to see available Sound cards.
 If you find a Sound card called 'PinePhone', then you can select an audio source there, and adjust with:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 amixer -c PinePhone set 'Headphone' 50%
 ```
 

sound/mpd.md

@@ -40,13 +40,13 @@ You can use alsa instead of pulse, but don't unless you're on a Pi.
 
 Since this is run as the mpd user, you'll need to grant that user pulse acceess, often with the user-group `pulse` or `pulse-access`, but your distro may vary.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo usermod -aG pulse-access mpd
 ```
 
 Working with mpd will be easier if you have access to its files, so maybe:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo usermod -aG mpd $USER
 ```
 
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ sudo usermod -aG mpd $USER
 
 Install `mpd-notification` and then start the service:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 systemctl --user enable mpd-notification
 ```
 

sound/ncmpcpp.md

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ I couldn't change volume, so in mpd.conf I uncommented the pulse audio lines and
 
 Also, make sure the user mpd is part of the group pulse:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo adduser mpd pulse
 ```
 

system/Makefiles/graph-easy.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ If you have `graph-easy` (often in the package `perl-graph-easy` or similar), yo
 
 Start with the command to 'make all targets' (`-B`), and 'do a dummy run' (`-n`) with debug into (`-d`):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 make -Bnd
 make -Bnd | make2graph
 make -Bnd | make2graph | graph-easy --boxart

system/android.md

@@ -8,31 +8,31 @@ tags: [ "system", "phone" ]
 
 Install:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 yay -S simple-mtpfs
 ```
 
 List available phones:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 simple-mtpfs -l
 ```
 
 Make a mount point:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mkdir phone
 ```
 
 Check your phone, and tell it to allow access to the USB.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 simple-mtpfs --device 1 phone
 ```
 
 ## Stop
 
-```sh
+```bash
 fusermount -u phone
 rmdir phone
 ```

system/ansible/ansible_basics.md

@@ -1,90 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Ansible Basics"
-tags: [ "system", "ansible", "orchestration" ]
-requires: [ "ssh" ]
----
-
-# Start Locally
-
-Start by doing normal actions on the computer.
-
-Say 'hello' to yourself:
-
-```sh
-ansible --module-name=ping localhost
-```
-
-Upgrade through the package manager.
-
-`packager=apt` (or `pacman` or `xbps`,...)
-
-```sh
-packager=apt
-ansible --module-name=${packager} --args "upgrade=yes" localhost
-```
-
-This fails because you have not 'become root'.
-So, '*become*'!
-
-```sh
-ansible --become -m ${packager} -a "upgrade=true" localhost
-```
-
-# Passwords
-
-Typing the password is dull.
-You might shift it to the command line:
-
-ansible-playbook t.yaml -i hosts.yaml -e "ansible_become_password=${password}"
-
-...this is also dull.
-
-
-If you have a password store, like `pass`, you can put that in a script:
-
-
-```sh
-echo "#!/bin/sh
-pass $HOSTNAME" > pass.sh
-
-chmod u+x !$
-
-ansible --become --module-name=pacman --args "upgrade=true" localhost
-```
-
-# Other Hosts
-
-Find something you can `ssh` into.
-Ansible will use your `/etc/hosts` file, and `~/.ssh/config`.
-
-## Make a Hosts File
-
-You can use the `.ini` format:
-
-```sh
-echo '[phones]
-192.168.0.20' > hosts
-```
-But everything uses `yaml` nowadays, so may as well be consistent:
-
-```yaml
-all:
-  children:
-    phones:
-      children:
-        pine:
-          ansible_host: 192.168.0.20
-
-```
-
-Check the inventory in yaml format:
-
-```sh
-ansible-inventory --list -y -i
-```
-
-```sh
-ansible-vault view sec.yml --vault-pass-file pass.sh
-```
-
-community.general.say voice=en_GB msg="Testing 123"

system/ansible/ansible_with_docker.md

@@ -1,118 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Ansible with Docker"
-tags: [ "system", "ansible", "docker" ]
-requires: [ "Docker" ]
----
-
-'Docker module', you say?
-No need for that fancy stuff.
-We're just going to set up a couple of docker containers and connect to them like any other machine.
-
-Set up two containers: `deb` and `arch`, add them to an `ansible` hosts file, then do a 'ping' to see if they respond.
-
-## Required Packages
-
-- `ansible`
-- `jq`
-- `docker`
-
-## Debian Container
-
-```sh
-docker run -di --rm --name deb --hostname deb debian
-docker exec -it deb sh -c 'apt update && apt -y install openssh-server python3 sudo'
-```
-
-Generate the host's ssh keys, then start the ssh daemon:
-
-```sh
-docker exec -it deb sh -c 'ssh-keygen -A'
-docker exec -d deb /usr/sbin/sshd -D
-```
-
-## Arch Linux Container
-
-```sh
-docker run -di --rm --name arch --hostname arch archlinux
-docker exec -it arch sh -c 'pacman -Syu --noconfirm python sudo openssh'
-docker exec -it arch sh -c 'ssh-keygen -A'
-docker exec -d arch /usr/sbin/sshd -D
-```
-
-## `ssh` Keys
-
-Copy across your public ssh key to the container's `authorized_keys` file:
-
-```sh
-pubkey=~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
-for hostname in arch deb; do
-    docker cp $pubkey $hostname:/root/.ssh/authorized_keys
-    docker exec -it $hostname sh -c "chown -R root:root /root/.ssh/"
-    docker exec -it $hostname sh -c "chmod -R 700 /root/.ssh/"
-done
-```
-
-## Hosts File
-
-Find name of containers' IPv4 addresses.
-
-```sh
-docker network inspect bridge
-```
-
-The output is awful.
-Use `jq` to parse the `json`:
-
-```sh
-docker network inspect bridge  | jq -r '.[].Containers | .[].IPv4Address'
-```
-
-Now put those into a host file:
-
-```sh
-docker_hosts=hosts.txt
-echo '[containers]' > $docker_hosts
-
-docker network inspect bridge  | \
-    jq -r '.[].Containers | .[] | "root@" + .IPv4Address' | \
-    cut -d/ -f1 >> $docker_hosts
-```
-
-You may need to add those host keys to your known hosts file.
-Either connect interactively, or (for scripts):
-
-```sh
-hosts="$(docker network inspect bridge  | jq -r '.[].Containers | .[] | .Name + " " + .IPv4Address' | \
-    cut -d/ -f1)"
-
-echo "$hosts"
-
-echo "$hosts" | while read hostname ip; do
-    printf "%s" "$ip"
-    key="$(docker exec $hostname cat /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub)"
-    echo "$ip $key" >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
-done
-```
-
-Check if they ping:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i $docker_hosts all -m ping
-```
-
-This command produces an irritating warning about the python interpreter (i.e., `python3`).
-
-Make the warning shut-up:
-
-```sh
-echo '
-[containers:vars]
-ansible_python_interpreter=/usr/bin/python3.13' >> $docker_hosts
-```
-
-Now the ping is cleaner:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i $docker_hosts all -m ping
-```
-

system/ansible/store_password.md

@@ -1,75 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Store Host Password"
-tags: [ "system", "ansible" ]
----
-
-Make a hosts file with one host (your computer) and one variable, just to test:
-
-```sh
-hosts_file=hosts
-fort="$(fortune -s | head -1)"
-cowvar=cowsays
-
-echo "[cows]
-$HOSTNAME $cowvar='${fort}'" > "${hosts_file}"
-```
-
-Now ansible should be able to show that '${cowvar}' in a debug message:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i "$hosts_file" -m debug -a "msg='{{ ${cowvar} }}'" $HOSTNAME
-```
-
-Now to convert the hosts file to yaml, because it's very fashionable:
-
-
-```sh
-yaml_hosts=hosts.yaml
-ansible-inventory -i ${hosts_file} --list -y | tee "${yaml_hosts}"
-```
-
-Now you should see where the `cowsays` variable goes.
-You can safely place your `sudo` password next to that variable goes with `ansible-vault`, which will encrypt just that string.
-
-```sh
-pass="your password"
-ansible-vault encrypt_string --name='ansible_sudo_pass' "${pass}"
-```
-
-If that works, you can add the password, but in `yaml` format.
-You can do this manually, or use `gawk` to add ten spaces in front of the lines:
-
-```sh
-pass="your password"
-ansible-vault encrypt_string --name='ansible_sudo_pass' "${pass}"  | awk '{print "          "  $0}' >> "${yaml_hosts}"
-```
-
-Now to check that the inventory file works okay:
-
-```sh
-ansible-inventory -i ${yaml_hosts} --list -y
-ansible -i "$hosts_file" -m debug -a "msg='{{ ${cowvar} }}'" $HOSTNAME
-```
-
-If that works, you can echo the debug message while becoming root.
-Just add the `-J` flag so it will ask for the password:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i "${yaml_hosts}" -m debug -a "msg='{{ ${cowvar} }}'" $HOSTNAME --become -J
-ansible -i "${yaml_hosts}" -m debug -a "msg={{ ansible_sudo_pass }}" $HOSTNAME --become -J
-```
-
-Now you can update using Ansible.
-
-For Arch Linux:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i "${yaml_hosts}" -m community.general.pacman -a 'upgrade=true update_cache=true' $HOSTNAME --become -J
-```
-
-For Debian:
-
-```sh
-ansible -i "${yaml_hosts}" -m ansible.builtin.apt -a 'upgrade=full' $HOSTNAME --become -J
-```
-

system/awk.md

@@ -8,25 +8,25 @@ See a file's contents:
 
 Return full contents of a string:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '{ print }' file
 ```
 
 Print the first and second column:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '{print$1$2}'
 ```
 
 Return every line with the word 'the' (like grep):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '/the/{print}' file
 ```
 
 Print everything containing a lowercase letter:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '/[a-z]/{print}' file
 ```
 
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ Same with numbers [0-9], or using a caret we can show lines starting with a numb
 
 # Conditionals
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '{ if($1 ~ /123/) print }' file
 ```
 
@@ -42,19 +42,19 @@ Check if the first column is equal to 1 or 2 or 3, and if so then print that lin
 
 Grep for 'hawk' in a story:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '/hawk/' story.txt
 ```
 
 Return any line with one or more "&" sequences:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '/&+/' script.sh
 ```
 
 The pipe is used for 'or', so 'Orcs or drums' would be:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 awk '/Orcs|Drums/' story.txt
 ```
 

system/bash_tricks.md

@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ The `rm' program takes arguments, but not `stdin' from a keyboard, and therefore
 To fix this, use `xargs` to turn the stdin into an argument.
 For example, if we have a list of files called `list.txt' then we could use cat as so:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat list.txt | xargs rm
 ```
 
@@ -81,13 +81,13 @@ x=$(( x*x ))
 
 ## Finding Duplicate Files
 
-```sh
+```bash
 find . -type f -exec md5sum '{}' ';' | sort | uniq --all-repeated=separate -w 15 > all-files.txt
 ```
 
 ## Output random characters
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /dev/urandom | tr -cd [:alnum:] | dd bs=1 count=200 status=none && echo
 ```
 
@@ -95,13 +95,13 @@ cat /dev/urandom | tr -cd [:alnum:] | dd bs=1 count=200 status=none && echo
 
 Try something out in a random directory in `/tmp` so the files will be deleted when you next shut down.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 mktemp -d
 ```
 
 That gives you a random directory to mess about in.
 
-```sh
+```bash
    dir=$(mktemp -d)
    for x in {A..Z}; do
       fortune > "$dir"/chimpan-$x

system/clean_your_downloads.md

@@ -1,20 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "Clean Your Downloads"
-tags: [ "system", "tmpfs" ]
----
-
-'Downloads` directory always too full of crap?
-Make it a temporary filesystem!
-Everything will be deleted whenever you reboot.
-
-
-```sh
-rm -rf ~/Downloads # Be brave!
-mkdir Downloads
-cp /etc/fstab /tmp/
-echo "tmpfs $HOME/Downloads tmpfs defaults,size=1G 0 0" | sudo tee -a /etc/fstab
-sudo systemctl daemon-reload # Ignore this if you don't use systemd
-sudo mount -a
-mount | tail -1
-```
-

system/cron.md

@@ -1,129 +0,0 @@
----
-title: "cron"
-tags: [ "basics", "time" ]
----
-# Cronie
-
-The `cronie` program is also known as `crond`.
-
-## Install
-
-```sh
-sudo apt search -n ^cron
-```
-
-Once installed, search for the service name, and start it.
-
-```sh
-sudo systemctl list-unit-files | grep cron
-sudo systemctl enable --now $NAME
-```
-
-## Usage
-
-Show your current crontab:
-
-```sh
-crontab -l
-```
-
-You can put this in a file and edit it:
-
-```sh
-crontab -l > $filename
-echo '39 3 */3 * * /bin/tar czf /tmp/etc_backup.tgz /etc/' >> $filename
-```
-
-Then apply that crontab:
-
-```sh
-crontab $filename
-rm $filename
-```
-
-The `cron` program will check your syntax before adding the tab.
-
-Your crontab file sits somewhere in `/var/spool/`.
-Probably in `/var/spool/cron`.
-
-## Syntax
-
-`* * * * *`
-
-These five points refer to:
-
-`minute hour day month weekday`
-
-So '3pm every Sunday' would be:
-
-`0 15 * * 7`
-
-Here 'Sunday' is indicated by "7", and '3pm' is 'the 15th hour'.
-The minute is '0' (i.e. '0 minutes past three pm').
-
-Doing the same thing, but only in February, would be:
-
-`0 15 * 2 7`
-
-### Variables
-
-`cronie` doesn't know where you live, so to put something in your `$HOME` directory, you have to tell it:
-
-
-```sh
-echo "HOME=$HOME" > $filename
-crontab -l >> $filename
-crontab $filename
-```
-
-`cronie` doesn't know where anything lives, including programs.
-You can give it your usual `$PATH` variable like this:
-
-
-```sh
-echo $PATH > $filename
-crontab -l >> $filename
-crontab $filename
-```
-
-Now instead of doing this
-
-`40 */3 * * * /usr/bin/du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
-
-You can simply do this: 
-
-`40 */3 * * * du -sh $HOME/* | sort -h > $HOME/sum.txt`
-
-## Run as Root
-
-You can execute a script as root by putting it into a directory, instead of in the tab.
-Look at the available cron directories:
-
-```sh
-ls -d /etc/cron.*
-```
-
-Make a script which runs daily:
-
-```sh
-f=apt_update.sh
-echo '#!/bin/bash' > $f
-echo 'apt update --yes' >> $f
-chmod +x $f
-sudo mv $f /etc/cron.daily/
-```
-
-### Testing with runparts
-
-Run-parts runs all executable scripts in a directory.
-
-```sh
-run-parts /etc/cron.hourly
-```
-
-# Troubleshooting
-
-### `date` Commands
-
-Cron doesn't understand the `%` sign, so if you want to use `date +%R`, then it should be escaped with a backslash: `date +\%R`.
-

system/cron.md

@@ -0,0 +1 @@
+../basics/cron.md

system/deduplicate.md

@@ -7,13 +7,13 @@ tags: [ "system", "deduplicate", "maintenance", "storage" ]
 
 Ask if a directory has duplicates (`rdfind` will not delete anything):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rdfind $dir
 $EDITOR results.txt
 ```
 
 Replace the duplicated files with [hard links](../basics/hard_links.md).
 
-```sh
+```bash
 rdfind -makehardlinks true $dir
 ```

system/default_programs.md

@@ -9,19 +9,19 @@ Install the package `xdg-utils`, then make very liberal use of the tab button.
 
 Ask what type of application opens an mkv file:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xdg-mime query default video/mkv
 ```
 
 Same with pdf:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xdg-mime query default application/pdf
 ```
 
 Ask what file-type `book.pdf` uses.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xdg-mime query filetype *book.pdf*
 ```
 
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ xdg-mime query filetype *book.pdf*
 
 Set the mime type of mp4 videos to mpv.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xdg-mime default mpv.desktop video/mp4
 ```
 
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ You'll need to use the tab key a lot here, and remember many items start with `o
 
 You can use an asterisk for everything in a category.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 xdg-mime default org.gnome.font-viewer.desktop font/\*
 ```
 

system/lf.md

@@ -3,29 +3,31 @@ title: "lf - The Light File Manager"
 tags: [ "file browser", "TUI" ]
 ---
 
+![lf](/tapes/lf.gif)
+
 ## Config File
 
 If you don't have a `~/.config/lf/lfrc` file, you can probably find an example in `/usr/share/examples/lf`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cp -r /usr/share/examples/lf ~/.config/
 ```
 
 Go straight to root with two keys.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 map g/ cd /
 ```
 
 Have lf open a file with the default program when you press 'o', using the program `mimeo`.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 map o &mimeo $f
 ```
 
 Change that default text editor to look at the extension first.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cmd open ${{
     case $(file --mime-type $f -b) in
         application/x-sc) sc-im $fx;;
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ That leaves it as a small initial pane, a medium pane, and a large pane for file
 The standard renaming is bad, because you have to re-type the file extension.
 Use this instead:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 # rename current file without overwrite
 cmd rename %echo 'name: ' ; read name ; extension="${f##*.}" && newname="$name.$extension"; [ "$f" = "$extension" ] && newname="$name"; [ ! -e "$newname" ] && mv "$f" "$newname" || echo file exists
 map r push :rename<enter>
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ If you try to rename `image_1.png` with this command, you can type in `cats`, an
 First, install `ueberzug` (to show images).
 Then clone the lfrun repo.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 git clone https://github.com/cirala/lfimg.git
 
 cd lfimg

system/lf.tape

@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+Require lf
+
+Set Shell "bash"
+Set FontSize 12
+Set Width 800
+Set Height 600
+
+Type "lf"
+Sleep 1.5s
+Enter
+Sleep 1.5s
+Type "jjj"
+Sleep 1s
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Type "fortune > file"
+Enter
+Sleep 2s
+Enter
+Type "/file"
+Enter
+Sleep 3s
+Type "q"
+

system/managing_groups.md

@@ -17,10 +17,10 @@ Remove yourself from all groups, and add yourself back to only `wheel`, `audio`,
 sudo usermod --groups wheel,audio,$USER
 ```
 
-Add yourself to the `docker` group:
+Add yourself to the `wheel` group:
 
 ```sh
-su root -c "usermod --append --groups docker $USER"
+su root -c "usermod --append --groups wheel $USER"
 ```
 Add yourself to the `network` group:
 
@@ -28,11 +28,5 @@ Add yourself to the `network` group:
 sudo usermod -aG network $USER
 ```
 
-The changes have not taken effect, so log into your own account again with `su`:
+The changes will not take effect until you log in again, so reboot or log into `localhost` with [ssh](../networking/ssh.md).
 
-
-```sh
-groups
-sudo su $USER
-groups
-```

system/mdadm.md

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ tags: [ "RAID", "disk" ]
 You will need 4 disks and the `mdadm` package.
 The total size will be equal to the disks x 3, because one will be used for redundancy.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo mdadm --create --verbose /dev/*md127* --level=5 --raid-devices=*4* */dev/sdb /dev/sdc /dev/sdd /dev/sde*
 ```
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ Note the variable parts:
 
 Now look at how the raid status:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cat /proc/mdstat
 ```
 
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ This will increase until the entire thing is fine.
 
 Check the health of your `mdadm` array:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo mdadm --detail /dev/md127
 ```
 
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ You should see `State : clean`. If you see it is `degraded`, then a disk has bro
 
 ## Replacing a Disk
 
-```sh
+```bash
 sudo mdadm --add /dev/md127 /dev/sdb1
 ```
 

system/monitoring.md

@@ -5,26 +5,26 @@ tags: [ "system", "CPU", "memory" ]
 
 Print the average CPU load over 1 minute, 5 minutes, and 15 minutes:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 watch -d cat /proc/loadavg
 stress="$(cat /proc/loadavg | awk '{print "Usage:" $2"%"}')"
 ```
 
 Show memory usage in Gibitytes.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 free -g
 ```
 
 Show low and high gigibtye usage on a *l*ine, and repeat the measurement every 5 seconds:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 REP=5
 free --lohi -g -s $REP | lolcat
 ```
 
 Check the next thing cron will do:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 cronnext /var/spool/cron/$USER -l
 ```

system/systemd/journal.md

@@ -6,38 +6,38 @@ tags: [ "systemd" ]
 See a running log of all system messages:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 journalctl -f
 ```
 
 Or just one user:
 
-```sh
+```bash
 journalctl --user -f
 ```
 
 Or just one unit (`sshd`):
 
-```sh
+```bash
 journalctl -f -u sshd
 ```
 
 Find errors since November
 
-```sh
+```bash
 journalctl --since=2018-11-01 --grep="EXT4-fs error"
 ```
 
 Limit size to 2G.
 
-```sh
+```bash
 journalctl --vacuum-size=2G
 ```
 
 Log the fact that you've installed your own `dnsmasq` on your system to `journalctl`, so that you can notice why your system's broken:
 
 
-```sh
+```bash
 logger "Installed new dnsmasq"
 sudo journalctl -f
 ```